Jacquard mechanism for looms



- y 3 sheets-'sheet 1.

A. R. PATTEN.

A(No Model.)

JAGQUARD MBUHANISM FOR LGOMS.

Patented Mar. 2, 1897.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

A. R. PATTEN. JAGQUARD MEoHAmsM 1-o1 .1.oo1sz[s.A

No. 578,068. r Patented Mar. 2, 1897.

3 Sheets-.Sheet 34 A. R. PATTEN. JAGOUARD MEGHANISM FOR LOOMS.

l M Mw L M A- ll. f i ,T ,Q nw n .,D.

z rl v Patented Mar. 2, 1897.

(No Model.)

UNITED STATES PATENTi OFFICE.

ALONZO R. FATTE-N, OF PROV1DENOE, RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNOR TO THE KNOWLESLOOM WORKS, OF VOROESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

JACQUARD MECHANISM FOR LOOMS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 578,068, dated March'2, 1897.

Application iiled December 14, 1896. Serial No. 615,665. (No model.)

To .ZZ whom. it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALONZO R. PATTEN, a subject of the Queen of GreatBritain, residing at' Providence, in the county of Providence and Stateof Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inJacquard Mechanism for Looms, of which the following is a specification,reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

Certain classes of woven goods-such, for example, as table-covers andthe like-are characterized by having cross-borders at the opposite endsthereof and an intermediate body portion having some suitable pattern,there being usually a number of repeats of the said pattern of the bodybetween the two cross-borders pertaining to a table-cover or the likearticle. For the weaving of goods of such classes it is required thatthe jacquard mechanism of the loom in which the weaving is eected shouldbe equipped with cards that are punched in accordance with the patternin the body of the goods intermediate the cross-borders and also withcards that are punched in accordance with the pattern of thecross-borders. In the case of ordinary jacquard mechanisms it isnecessary to employ a great number of cards, one card for every pick inthe entire length of a table-cover. This renders the set of cards veryexpensive and adds very much to the cost of weaving the goods.

The object of the present invention is to reduce greatly the number ofcards which it is necessary to employ, and thereby to lessen theexpense, as well as to obviate the various disadvantages andinconveniences which are incident to the employment, handling, andstoring of an extended series of cards.

The invention consists in the combination, with the feeding devices forthe cards of a jacquard mechanism, of certain devices whereby theworking of the said feeding devices is controlled automatically, withthe result that the direction of rotation of the said devices isreversed from time to time as often as a repeat of either the pattern ofthe cross-border or that of the body should occur.

The invention will be described first with reference to the accompanyingdrawings, in

which I have represented the best embodi ment thereof which I have yetcontrived, after which the distinguishing characteristics of theinvention will be particularly pointed out and distinctly defined in the.claims at the close of this specification.

In the drawings, Figure 1 shows in side elevation the said embodiment oftheinvention, sufficient of the working parts of the jacquard 6omechanism being illustrated to render clear the relations'and Working ofthe invention. Fig. 2 is a view looking from the left in Fig. l andshowing the auxiliary pattern devices detached, but only a portion ofthe patternchain. Fig. 3 is a view from the rear in Fig. 2, only a smallpart of the pattern-chain being shown.

l is a prism of the jacquard mechanism,

around which passes the series of cards, (not 7o shown,) and 2 is a support for the said prism, the said support being of any suitable orconvenient character and being moved in known manner to carry the prismand the card resting against the inner face thereof inward into contactwith the ends of the usual needles and then outward away from the endsof the needles.

3 is the wheel that is connected with the said prism to facilitate theturning of the lat- 8o ter, and 4 5 are the pawls which engage with theprojections of the said wheel in the outward movements of the prism tooccasion the turning of the prism while it is out of contact with theends of the needles, 45 being the 8 5 usual rod by which said pawls areconnected so as to move in unison. The said pawls act to rotate theprism in opposite directions, and the direction of rotation of the prismat a given time is determined by whichever of the 9o end of the saidlever is arranged to project roo over a cylinder O, around which latteris passed a pattern-chain C', having balls B applied thereto, thesequence of balls and empty Spaces on the said pattern-chain being, asprearranged, in order to conform with the exigencies of the weaving. Aball on the pattern-chain coming under the inner end of leverA acts tomove the said lever, with the effeet of placing pawl 4 in position toengage wheel 3, so as to cause the prism to be rotated in one direction,while when an empty space on the pattern-chain presents itself beneaththe inner end of lever A the pawl 5 comes into position to cause theprism to be rotated in the opposite direction. The cylinder C is fastupon the shaft D, which latter has' fast thereupon also the ratchet Eand the notched detent-wheel N. The ratchet E is engaged for the purposeof rotating the shaft D and parts fast thereon by pawl F, the latterbeing pivoted on a pin F', projecting from an arm G, which is mountedloosely upon the shaft D, the said pawl being pressed toward the teethof the ratchet E by a spring G'. The notches of the detent-wheel N areentered in customary manner to prevent overrunning of shaft D and theparis that are fast thereon by a detent consisting of a roll M, mountedon a lever L, that is acted upon by a spring R. For the purpose ofactuating the arm G and pawl F carried thereby the said arm is connectedby the'rod N3 to lthe arm N on the moving shaft N' pertaining to thejacquard mechanism, or the rod N may transmit movement to the arm G fromany other suitable moving part.

The operation of so much of the mechanism as has been described will beobvious, and is in substance as follows: Whenever a ball B upon thepattern-chain C' is present under the inner arm of lever A, the pawl 4is held thereby in position to operate the prism and feed the chain ofcards in one direction, and when a space upon the said pattern-chaincomes underneath the said inner arm of lever A the pawl 5 is caused tobecome operative to operate the prism and feed the chain of cards in theopposite direction. In order to enable the length of the pattern` chainto be reduced, I combine with the pawl F devices wherebyto determine thetimes at which the same sha-ll be permitted to engage with the ratchetC. Thus I mount loosely upon shaft D a bent lever or bell-crank J, onearm of which is connected by a cord or the like K with one of the hookeduprights K of the j acquard mechanism. To the other arm of lever J, Ipivot the pawl-lifter I, the' end of which is caused to bear against theface of ratchet E, below pawl F, by means of spring Q, one end of whichlatter is connected with the timber Q', while the other end thereof isconnected with the projecting tail of the pawl-lifter I. The spring Qcauses the pawl-lifter I to occupy normally a position which keeps theactuating-pawl F raised from engagement with the adjacent tooth ofratchet E, so that ordinarily the pawl F in its movements fails toaetuate the said ratchet, the shaft D, the cylinder C, and thepattern-chain C. I'Vhen,

however, a forward shift of the said patternchain should take place, thehooked upright K' is caused to be raised in the working of the jacquardmechanism, and thereby the bent lever J is moved so as to draw thepawl-lifter I out of the way and permit pawl F to engage with a tooth ofratchet E.

In the use of my invention I employ as many cards as are necessary for across-border and one repeat of the patternin the body of the goods. Forinstance, if one repeat of the pattern in the body of the goods shouldbe eight inches long, and if the goods should contain fifty picks to theinch, there would need to be used four hundred cards for this repeat inaddition to the number -of cards which might be required for onecross-border. It may be assumed that the weaving has been proceeded withup to the completion of the body portion of a table-cover, also that atthis stage the devices act to present No. 1 card of the cross-border andthen continue presenting the cards of the cross-border in regularsuccession, the pawl-lifter I meanwhile holding pawl F out of action.The last of the said cards of the cross-border is perforated so as tocause upright K to be raised, whereby pawl-lifter I is retracted andpawl F is allowed to engage ratchet E and cause pattern-chain C to beadvanced one step. On the descent of hooked upright K the pawllifter Iis caused by spring Q to move again into position to hold pawl F fromacting` upon ratchet E. A new indicator upon the patternchain C' havingby the advance of the latter been presented to lever A, the pawls 4t 5are shifted in position, so as to cause the direction of rotation of theprism to be reversed, so as to feed in the reverse direction the cardsof the cross-border. This provides for weavin g a second cross-border,namely, the first one pertaining to the next table-cover or otherarticle. On the completion of this second cross-border the last cardpertaining to the cross-border is presented to the needles. This card isperforated to occasion retraction of the pawl-lifter I in the manner setforth hereinabove, but inasmuch as the indicator that is presented atthis time to lever A is of the same character as that last presentedthereto no change occurs in the action of the pawls. The continuedfeeding of the cards without change of direction causes those pertainingto the body-pattern to be presented successively to the needles untilone repeat of the body-pattern has been woven. The last card which isused at this time in the production of the said repeat is perforated tooccasion the withdrawal of pawl-lifter I. The action of pawl F nowbrings a different kind of indicator beneath lever A and causes thepawls to be shifted so as to feed the cards of the body-pattern in thereverse direction. The reversal of the direction of feed of the saidcards is effected in the foregoing manner as many times as may berequired for the production of the desired length of body,where- IOO IIO

upon the pattern-chain causes the cards of the cross-border to bepresented to the needles, and so on, in the manner which has beendescribed.

I have shown and described herein the two pawls 4 and 5 and theirconnection with lever A. The said pawls constitute a well-knowncontrivance by means of which to feed the cards intermittingly withcapacity for reversal of the direction ofA feed, and the lever A and itsactuating devices herein described serve to occasion the reversal in anautomatic manner. Other known arrangements of devices have been proposedand employed by which to feed the cards intermittingly in eitherdirection, and these last admit of being A employed and combined inobvious manner with the lever A Without departure from the spirit of thepresent invention. The patternchain O constitutes a convenient form ofpattern-surface, and the balls and spaces thereof constitute indicatorswhich operate in wellknown manner to determine the working of the leverAand the parts which are controlled thereby. Any other suitable form ofpatternsurface and indicators may be employed, if found desirable.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination withk reversible feedingdevices for the cards of a jacquard mechanism, and a lever A by means ofwhich the di rection of feed may be reversed, of a pattern- -surfacehaving indicators to act upon lever A and determine its action, anactuating-pawl and ratchet for said pattern-surface, a device to controlthe engagement of said pawl with said ratchet, 'a hooked upright in thejacquard mechanism, and connections -whereby the action of saidpawl-controlling device is determined by the movement of the saidupright, substantially as described.

2. The combination with reversible feeding devices for the cards of ajacquard mechanism, and the lever A whereby the directions of feed maybe reversed, of a pattern-surface having indicators to act upon lever Aand determine its action, an actuating-pawl and ratchet for saidpattern-surface, apawl-lifter I, a lever on which said pawl-lifter ismounted, a spring to move the pawl-lifter in one direc-v tion, andahooked upright in the jacquard mechanism connected with said lever andserving to move the paWl-lifter in the other direction, the action ofsaid pawl-lifter being determined by the movement of the said upright,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALONZO R. PATTEN.

Witnesses:

LEWIS A. WATERMAN, THOMAS F. I. MCDONNELL.

